![]() This causes destructive interference to occur because the path difference between the top and the middle of the slit is half of the wavelength. Let at an angle θ, the path difference between the top and bottom of the slit is a wavelength. The dark bands are caused when the light from the top half of the slit destructively interferes with the light from the bottom half.Ĭonsider a slit of width ‘a’. The pattern formed on a screen consists of a broad central band of light with dark bands on either side. The secondary wavelets spread out and overlap each other interfering with each other to form a pattern of maximum and minimum intensity. Diffraction is due to the superposition of such secondary wavelets. Huygens considered each point along a wave front to be the source of a secondary disturbance that forms a semi-circular wavelet. When waves pass through a gap, which is about as wide as the wavelength they spread out into the region beyond the gap. This phenomenon is termed as diffraction. When a wave train strikes an obstacle, the light ray will bend at the corners and edges of it, which causes the spreading of light waves into the geometrical shadow of the obstacle. ![]() Spectrometer, diffraction grating element and mercury vapor lamp. To calculate the wavelength of the other prominent lines of mercury by normal incidence method. ![]() To determine the number of lines per millimeter of the grating using the green line of the mercury spectrum.Ģ. (d) Special Relativity: Michelson-Morley experiment and its implications Lorentz transformations-length contraction, time dilation, the addition of relativistic velocities, aberration and Doppler effect, mass-energy relation, simple applications to a decay process Four-dimensional momentum vector Covariance of equations of physics.1. (c) Mechanics of Continuous Media: Elasticity, Hooke’s law and elastic constants of isotropic solids and their inter-relation Streamline (Laminar) flow, viscosity, Poiseuille’s equation, Bernoulli’s equation, Stokes’ law and applications. (b) Mechanics of Rigid Bodies: System of particles Centre of mass, angular momentum, equations of motion Conservation theorems for energy, momentum and angular momentum Elastic and inelastic collisions Rigid body Degrees of freedom, Euler’s theorem, angular velocity, angular momentum, moments of inertia, theorems of parallel and perpendicular axes, equation of motion for rotation Molecular rotations (as rigid bodies) Di and tri-atomic molecules Processional motion top, gyroscope. (a) Mechanics of Particles: Laws of motion conservation of energy and momentum, applications to rotating frames, centripetal and Coriolis accelerations Motion under a central force Conservation of angular momentum, Kepler’s laws Fields and potentials Gravitational field and potential due to spherical bodies, Gauss and Poisson equations, gravitational self-energy Two-body problem Reduced mass Rutherford scattering Centre of mass a laboratory reference frames. UPSC Physics Syllabus 2023: Candidates can check out the Topic-wise UPSC Physics Syllabus for Mains Optional paper I.ġ. Candidates can check out the following Paper I and Paper II. The IAS Physics Optional Subject in UPSC Mains consists of two papers, namely Paper I and Paper II. UPSC Physics Syllabus 2023: Opting for Physics as an optional subject in the UPSC Mains exam is most suitable for candidates who possess exceptional proficiency and a genuine passion for the subject. Check out the provided syllabus of Physics Subjects. The Physics subject in UPSC entails two papers, namely Paper 1 and Paper 2, each carrying 250 marks, culminating in a total of 500 marks. Aspirants can also access the UPSC Physics Syllabus PDF through the provided link for easy reference and preparation. The subject typically emphasizes application-based questions rather than theoretical ones. UPSC Physics Syllabus 2023: Given the specialized nature of Physics, candidates should adopt a strategic approach while preparing for the UPSC Physics Optional syllabus. It encompasses essential subjects such as Thermodynamics, Magnetism, Relativity, Electricity quantum theory, Electromagnetic Waves, Diffraction, and more. Similar to other science-optional subjects, the UPSC Physics Syllabus covers topics at the bachelor’s degree level and is divided into two papers, each carrying 250 marks. UPSC Physics Syllabus: The UPSC Physics Optional Syllabus is particularly suitable for candidates who have pursued physics at the Graduate or Postgraduate level. UPSC Physics Optional Syllabus 2023 PDF.OPSC OCS Mains Result 2023 OUT, Download PDF.
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